Vasectomy: A permanent birth control method for men. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): An infection in any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, bladder, or urethra. During pregnancy, this organ holds and nourishes the fetus. Uterus: A muscular organ in the female pelvis. Spermicide: Chemicals (creams, gels, foams) that inactivate sperm. Sperm: A cell made in the male testicles that can fertilize a female egg. Infections include chlamydia, gonorrhea, human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes, syphilis, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, the cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ). Sexually Transmitted Infection (STIs): Infections that are spread by sexual contact. Also called "having sex" or "making love." Sexual Intercourse: The act of the penis of the male entering the vagina of the female. Progestin: A synthetic form of progesterone that is similar to the hormone made naturally by the body. Postpartum: Related to the weeks following the birth of a child. Ovulation: The time when an ovary releases an egg. Obstetrician–Gynecologist (Ob-Gyn): A doctor with special training and education in women’s health. Menstrual Period: The monthly shedding of blood and tissue from the uterus. Laparoscope: A thin, lighted telescope that is inserted through a small incision (cut) in the abdomen to view internal organs or to perform surgery. Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM): A temporary method of birth control that is based on the natural way the body prevents ovulation when a woman is breastfeeding. If left untreated, HIV can cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A virus that attacks certain cells of the body’s immune system. Hormones: Substances made in the body that control the function of cells or organs. High Blood Pressure: Blood pressure above the normal level. Also called the ovum.Įstrogen: A female hormone produced in the ovaries.įallopian Tubes: Tubes through which an egg travels from the ovary to the uterus.įertilization: A multistep process that joins the egg and the sperm. These sensations may be flashing lights, a particular smell, dizziness, or seeing spots.īone Loss: The gradual loss of calcium and protein from bone, making it brittle and more likely to break.īreakthrough Bleeding: Vaginal bleeding that happens in between regular periods.Ĭardiovascular Disease: Disease of the heart and blood vessels.Ĭervix: The lower, narrow end of the uterus at the top of the vagina.Ĭesarean Birth: Birth of a fetus from the uterus through an incision (cut) made in the woman's abdomen.ĭeep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): A condition in which a blood clot forms in veins in the leg or other areas of the body.ĭepression: Feelings of sadness for periods of at least 2 weeks.Įgg: The female reproductive cell made in and released from ovaries. What are the benefits of sterilization?Īnesthesia: Relief of pain by loss of sensation.Īura: A sensation or feeling experienced just before the onset of certain disorders like migraine attacks or epileptic seizures.Read Sterilization for Women and Men to learn more. A couple must use another method of birth control or avoid sexual intercourse until a sperm count confirms that no sperm are present. It takes about 2 to 4 months for the semen to become totally free of sperm. It is an easier and safer procedure to perform than female sterilization. Vasectomy is an option for a male partner. Very small incisions are made in your abdomen. Laparoscopic sterilization can be done as a separate procedure several weeks after you have your baby. It is a good idea to check beforehand if you are interested in this option. Some hospitals do not offer sterilization. If you have a cesarean birth, it can be done through the same incision. Postpartum sterilization is done soon after delivery while you are still in the hospital. There are several ways female sterilization can be performed: Side effects may include breakthrough bleeding, headaches, breast tenderness, and nausea. Have breast cancer or a history of breast cancer Have a history of migraine headaches with aura Have high blood pressure or a history of stroke, heart attack, or DVT You should avoid these methods for the first 4 to 6 weeks after childbirth, until breastfeeding is established.Ĭombined hormonal methods have been linked to a small risk of stroke and heart attacks. There is a very small risk that the estrogen in these methods can affect your milk supply if you are breastfeeding. If you have no additional risk factors for DVT and you are not breastfeeding, you can start using these methods 3 weeks after childbirth. Combined hormonal methods increase the risk of DVT even further. This condition is called deep vein thrombosis (DVT). During the postpartum period, women have a higher risk of developing blood clots in veins located deep in the body.
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